Which of mattathias sons was nicknamed maccabees book

Mattathias, after assassinating the greek government official, who was forcing him to sacrifice, septuagint, 1st maccabees 2. John was called gaddi, simon was known as thassi, and judas was called maccabeus. The aramaicsounding cognomens, which have not been fully explained, were probably given them by their father, with reference to contemporary events or to the respective characters of the sons themselves. By the end of the war, simon was the only one of the five sons of mattathias to survive and he ushered in an 80year period of jewish independence in judea, as the land of israel was now called. In the hills, they organize a guerilla army, led primarily by the oldest of the sons named judah, nicknamed maccabee, which means the hammer.

The name maccabee, probably meaning hammer, is actually applied in the books of maccabees to only one man, judas, third son of the priest mattathias and first leader of the revolt against the seleucid kings who persecuted the jews 1 mc 2. Mattathias refused, offering a powerful speech 1 maccabees 2. Maccabees, also spelled machabees, flourished 2nd century bce, palestine, priestly family of jews who organized a successful rebellion against the seleucid ruler antiochus iv and reconsecrated the defiled temple of jerusalem historical context of the maccabees. Simon and jonathan were his generals, and both play notable roles in the narrative. When antiochus commanded some soldiers to mattathias village of modein to force jews to offer sacrifices to pagan gods, the priest was commanded to do so first. The author of the second book of maccabees presented the conflict as a struggle between judaism and hellenism, concepts which he coined.

Mattathias and his sons in those days mattathias son of john son of simeon, a priest of the family of joarib, moved from jerusalem and settled in modein. These are the first 19 chapters to 5 maccabees, and the epistle in the 22nd chapter. Christianity stack exchange is a question and answer site for committed christians, experts in christianity and those interested in learning more. The aramaicsounding cognomens, which have not been fully explained, were probably given them by their father, with reference to contemporary events or to. John gaddis or caddis johanan gadi, simon thassi, judas maccabeus, eleazar avaran, and jonathan apphus. Leadership of judas maccabeus after his fathers death. The author of the first book of maccabees regarded the maccabean revolt as a rising of pious jews against the seleucid king who had tried to eradicate their religion and against the jews who supported him. Eleazar was nicknamed avaran, and jonathan was known as apphus. Mattathias calls upon people loyal to the traditions of israel to oppose the. With the death of simon, the last son of mattathias, the maccabean revolt came to an end. In 3rd maccabees chapter 5, god puts king philopator of egypt into a deep sleep in order to frustrate his plan to destroy the jews. Mattathias priest of modein, father of the maccabees 5 brothers. In those days arose mattathias the son of john, the son of simeon, a priest of the sons of joarib, from jerusalem, and dwelt in modin. In those days mattathias the son of john, son of simeon, a priest of the sons of.

Mattathias ben johanan died 165 bce was a kohen jewish priest whose role in the religiondriven maccabean revolt against the greek seleucid empire is related in the books of the maccabees. Judas maccabeus and the downfall of gog it was unanimously decreed to celebrate it. The name maccabee was a title of honour given to judas, a son of mattathias and the hero of the jewish wars of independence, 168. First book of maccabees chapter one 1 after alexander son of philip, the macedonian, who came from the land of kittim, had defeated darius, king of the persians and the medes, he succeeded him as king. Learn maccabean revolt with free interactive flashcards.

The name maccabee was a title of honour given to judas, a son of mattathias and. Mattathias gives one to judah and his brothers before dying in 1st maccabees chapter 2, reminding them of the heroes of israel and how they were rewarded for their faith in god. The name maccabee was a personal epithet of judah, and the later generations were not his direct descendants. Thus, the word maccabean in the phrase maccabean revolt. Among those who joined mattathias were his five sons yohanan, shimon, judah, eleazar, and yonaton. Later, the name the maccabees was extended to include his whole family, specifically mattathias his father and judas four brothersjohn, simon, eleazar, and jonathan. Mattathias the father of the maccabees judas maccabeus. The book is held as canonical scripture by the catholic, orthodox, and oriental orthodox. When mattathias died, the revolt was led by his son judas, or judah maccabee, as he is often called. The first book of maccabees and josephus enumerate the sons of mattathias as. One jewish man, mattathias, his five sons, mainly judah, jonothan, simon and grandchildren, who were nicknamed the maccabee meaning the hammerers, overthrew the syrians. After mattathias death about one year later in 166 bce, his son judas maccabee led an army of jewish dissidents to victory over the seleucid dynasty in guerrilla warfare, which.

Tombs of mattathias and sons christianity stack exchange. This work coheres with 1 maccabees, but it is written as a theological interpretation of the maccabean. The name maccabee is often used as a synonym for the entire hasmonean dynasty, but the maccabees proper were judah maccabee and his four brothers. The second book of maccabees was written in koine greek, most likely around 100 bc. The author concludes his narrative in 1 maccabees with these events.

Maccabees, priestly family of jews who organized a successful rebellion against the seleucid ruler antiochus iv and reconsecrated the defiled temple of jerusalem. He and his five sons fled to the wilderness of judah. We will not print the complete text because 5 maccabees 19 clearly states. The sons of mattathias, and especially the line of rulers that descended from them, are also often referred to as hasmoneans, a name associated with mattathias that likely refers to one of his ancient ancestors or a place of family origin. Maccabees judah mattathias judas maccabeus and the. Dec 29, 2016 mattathias, after assassinating the greek government official, who was forcing him to sacrifice, septuagint, 1st maccabees 2. John and eleazar literature the name maccabeus was first applied to judas, one of the sons of mattathias generally called in english the maccabees, a celebrated family who defended jewish rights and customs in the 2nd century bc 1 macc 2. Judah reestablished as a theocracy full independence only from 12963 bc. Here ends the history as given in the two books usually attached to our bibles. Jan 02, 2020 with the death of simon, the last son of mattathias, the maccabean revolt came to an end. The rest of the book covers about much of the same material found in josephus on up to the death of herods sons and appears to be a later addition. It therefore covers only about 15 years and corresponds to the first seven chapters of 1 st maccabees. Mattathias, jewish priest and landowner of modein, near jerusalem, who in 167 defied the decree of antiochus iv epiphanes of syria to hellenize the jews.

Mattathias killed a hellenistic jew who stepped forward to offer a sacrifice to an idol in mattathias place. One explanation of the names origins is that it derives from the aramaic maqqa, the hammer, in recognition of judahs ferocity in. Maccabee is also an acronym for mi komocho baalim hashem, who is like you among the powers o god, the battle cry of the jewish people. The book s title, the maccabees sic bible is a misnomer in and of itself. Mattathias definition and meaning bible dictionary. Mattathias calls forth the people to holy war against the invaders. Books of the maccabees paperback april 9, 2014 by king james bible author, douay rheims author 4.

Choose from 70 different sets of maccabean revolt flashcards on quizlet. We know the details of the jewish fight against the greeks and hellenism from the two books of the maccabees as well as the writings of the jewish historian josephus. The rewards to which the dying mattathias points his sons are all for this life. Mattathias the father of the maccabees judas maccabeus and.

Ppt the books of maccabees powerpoint presentation. The first book of maccabees and josephus enumerate the sons of mattathias as follows. The name maccabee was a title of honour given to judas, a son of mattathias and the hero of the jewish wars of independence, 168164. Mattathias is accorded a central role in the story of chanukah and, as a result, is named in the al hanissim prayer jews add to grace after meals and the amidah during the. Jews continue struggle to maintain their religion and culture. The maccabees fought both the foreign seleucids and homegrown hellenism.

John also called gaddi, 3 simon also called thassi, 4 judas also called maccabeus, 5 eleazar also called avaran, and jonathan. Death of antiochus 4 epiphanes and accession of antiochus 5 eupator 164 bc. The company of greek officers who arrived at modiin intending to enforce the kings ordinances addressed mattathias. When mattathias died a short time later, the revolt continued to be led by his son judah, nicknamed maccabee, meaning the hammer. Apr 16, 2014 1 maccabees 2 good news translation gnt the faithfulness of mattathias 2 during that time, a priest of the jehoiarib family named mattathias, who was the son of john and the grandson of simeon, moved from jerusalem and settled in modein. Hellenists attempt to destroy judaism by enforcing greek culture. The fourth book of the maccabees, so called, is a semiphilosophic discourse, or sermon, on the supremacy of the pious reason ch. First maccabees written circa 4104 bce and describing the period of 1665 bce is devoted to presenting the maccabean dynasty, from mattathias through his son judah, to jonathan and simon who became high priests and gained political independence. Start studying 1 maccabees new testament literature flashcard method. Mar 31, 2010 the rewards to which the dying mattathias points his sons are all for this life. It therefore covers only about 15 years and corresponds to the first seven chapters of. John also called gaddi, 3 simon also called thassi.

Then judas his son, who was called maccabeus, took command in his place. The name came to be used for his brothers as well, which accounts for the title of the book. Upon the edict for his arrest, he took refuge in the wilderness of judea with his five sons and called upon all jews to follow him. Many of israel joined them, but mattathias and his sons gathered in a group apart 2. There never has been any document known as the macabean bible. And there stood up by him mattathias, sammus, ananias, azarias, urias, ezecias, balasamus, upon the right hand. He was a son of johanan, grandson of simeon, the hasmonean, and greatgrandson of asmon or hasmonaeus, a levite. The second book of maccabees is not the continuation of the first. The revolt of the maccabees the jewish revolt against the greeks sets a precedent in human history it becomes the worlds first religious war. Posts about maccabees judah mattathias written by amaic. It was mattathiass son judas who was called maccabeus 1 mac 2. The books title, the maccabees sic bible is a misnomer in and of itself. The name maccabee was a title of honour given to judas, a son of mattathias and the hero of the jewish wars of independence, 168164 bce.

This borrowing of his work appears in this book without proper attribution. The original hebrew is lost and the most important surviving version is the greek translation contained in the septuagint. A conqueror of overweening pride, as he is described in the book of daniel in. Traditionally the name has come to be extended to the brothers of judas, his supporters.

Browse other questions tagged history oldtestament jews 1maccabees or ask your own question. Apr 09, 2014 this is properly applied to the first leader of the revolt, judas, third son of mattathias, whose attacks were hammerlike. John gaddis, simon thassi, judas maccabaeus, eleazar avaran, and jonathan apphus. Many scholars are of opinion that the unknown author was a sadducee, 1 but all that can be said with certainty is that he was a palestinian jew devotedly attached to the national cause. Follow me, all of you who are for gods law and stand by the covenant. First maccabees written circa 4104 bce and describing the period of 1665 bce is devoted to presenting the maccabean dynasty, from mattathias through his son judah, to jonathan and simon who became high priests and gained political independence first maccabees was written in hebrew though it is only preserved today in greek for a judean audience in a biblical style that emphasizes. Mattathias had five sons according to this account, each with their own last name. The revolt launched by the priest mattathias and later led by his third son, judah maccabee, was both a civil war and a war against an outside enemy.